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Are 3D mammograms better than standard imaging? A diverse study aims to find out_我的网站

A |     Are 3D mammograms better than standard 2D imaging for catching advanced cancers?A clinical trial is recruiting thousands of volunteers — including a large number of Black women who face disparities in breast cancer death rates — to try to find out.People like Carole Stovall, a psychologist in Washington, D.C., have signed up for the study to help answer the question.“We all need a mammogram anyway, so why not do it with a study that allows the scientists to understand more and move closer to finding better treatments and ways of maybe even preventing it?” Stovall said.The underrepresentation of women and minorities in research is a long-simmering issue affecting health problems including Alzheimer’s disease, stroke and COVID-19. Trials without diversity lead to gaps in understanding of how new treatments work for all people. “Until we get more Black women into clinical trials, we can’t change the science. And we need better science for Black bodies,” said Ricki Fairley, a breast cancer survivor and advocate who is working on the issue.Black women are 40% more likely to die from breast cancer than white women and tend to be diagnosed younger. But it’s not clear whether 3D mammography is better for them, said Dr. Worta McCaskill-Stevens of the National Cancer Institute.“Are there populations for whom this might be important to have early diagnosis?" asked McCaskill-Stevens. "Or is it harmful,” causing too many false alarms or unneeded follow-up tests and treatments?McCaskill-Stevens, who is Black, leads NCI’s efforts to boost access to cancer research in minority and rural communities. She has joined the study herself.The newer 3D technique has been around for a decade, but there’s never been conclusive evidence that it's better than 2D at detecting advanced cancers. The screening technique combines multiple pictures of the breast taken from different angles to create a 3D-like image. Both 3D and 2D mammograms compress the breast and use low doses of radiation.Prior studies suggest that 3D finds more cancers than 2D, but catching more cancers doesn’t necessarily mean more lives saved. Some cancers missed by standard screening may not progress or need treatment. Previous studies did not randomly assign patients to a screening method, the gold standard for research.The notion “that if it’s new, it’s shiny, then it’s better,” isn’t necessarily true, McCaskill-Stevens said. “Until we have the evidence to support that, then we need well-designed randomized trials.”The trial has enrolled nearly 93,000 women so far with a goal of 128,000. The NCI-funded study is now running in Canada, South Korea, Peru, Argentina, Italy and 32 U.S. states. A site in Thailand will soon begin enrolling patients.“We added more international sites to enhance the trial’s diversity, particularly for Hispanic and Asian women,” said Dr. Etta Pisano, who leads the study. Overall, 42% of participants are Hispanic. As recruiting continues, enrolling Black women and other women of color will “absolutely” continue as a priority, Pisano said.Participants are randomly assigned to either 2D or 3D mammograms and are followed for several years. The number of advanced cancers detected by the two methods will be compared.At the U.S. study sites, 21% of study participants are Black women — that's higher than a typical cancer treatment study, in which 9% of participants are Black, McCaskill-Stevens said.The University of North Carolina has signed up more Black women than any other study site. Nearly a quarter of the nearly 3,000 women enrolled at UNC’s two locations are Black.“Women in North Carolina want to take part in something that’s bigger than them,” said Dr. Cherie Kuzmiak, who leads the UNC arm of the study. “They want this active role in helping determine the future of health care for women.”In Washington, D.C., word of mouth has led to successful recruiting. A chance encounter at her hair salon persuaded Stovall to join the research. While waiting for a hair appointment, she met Georgetown University cancer researcher Lucile Adams-Campbell. The two, both Black, started chatting.“She explained how important it was to get women of color into the program,” said Stovall, who jumped at the chance to catch up on her mammograms after the COVID-19 pandemic delayed screening for her and thousands of others.For Stovall, there was a personal reason to join the research. Her sister recently completed treatment for triple negative breast cancer, an aggressive type that affects Black women at higher rates than white women. Women ages 45 to 74 without a personal history of breast cancer are eligible for the study, which launched in 2017. Many women also are providing blood and cheek swab samples for a database that will be mined for insights.“It’s a dream that people had since the beginning of screening that we wouldn’t fit everybody into the same box,” Pisano said. The study's findings could “reduce disparities if we’re successful, assuming people have access to care.”Stovall, 72, had a brief scare when her mammogram, the traditional 2D type, showed something suspicious. A biopsy ruled out cancer.“I was extremely relieved,” Stovall said. “Everybody I know has heard from me about the need for them to go get a mammogram.”___The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Science and Educational Media Group. The AP is solely responsible for all content.。

B |     周祖翼赴莆田市调研时强调     以正确政绩观为引领统筹好发展和安全     促进经济社会发展提质增效     8月18日至19日，省委书记周祖翼赴莆田市涵江区、城厢区、荔城区，深入乡村社区、企业码头、水利设施和消防站所实地调研，指导推动有关工作。周祖翼强调，要深入学习贯彻习近平党建思想和习近平总书记对福建工作的重要讲话重要指示批示精神，贯彻落实省委十一届十次全会精神，树立和践行正确政绩观，深入开展“三争”行动，统筹好发展和安全，推动科技创新与产业创新深度融合，促进经济社会发展提质增效。

C |          18日，周祖翼在城厢区三利谱光电科技有限公司与科研人员交流。    当前，全省上下正掀起学习贯彻省委十一届十次全会精神的热潮，坚持创新驱动、提质增效，全方位推动高质量发展。在兴化湾南岸涵江港作业区，周祖翼认真察看泊位规划建设和运营管理情况，仔细询问船舶停靠、货物装卸和仓储物流等是否逐一落实安全生产要求。他强调，要坚持创新驱动，推进港口作业全流程智能化升级，提高运营效率和管理水平，守牢安全运行底线，健全多式联运体系，着力壮大临港经济，促进港产城融合发展，努力建设智慧安全的海上交通枢纽。

D | 三利谱光电科技有限公司，是专注于偏光片研发制造的行业领军企业。在企业展厅和生产车间，周祖翼察看了偏光片产品特点功能、应用场景、工艺流程，与企业负责人、科研人员交流，了解科研投入、技术创新和智能制造进展。周祖翼希望企业坚定不移走专精特新发展路子，坚持把安全生产贯穿生产经营全过程，积极开展产学研协同攻关，培养引进更多实用技术人才，不断提升自主创新能力，力争在显示材料关键领域取得更多原创性突破，不断塑造发展新动能新优势。近年来，三棵树涂料股份有限公司致力于绿色涂料创新研发，拥有1000多名科研技术人员，参与了100多项国家和行业标准制定。在科技体验中心，周祖翼了解了企业绿色技术研发、服务城市更新、助力乡村振兴等情况，鼓励企业扎根莆田、致力创新，加大绿色健康涂料等关键技术攻关，推动更多科技含量高、市场前景广的创新成果落地转化，持续推动绿色低碳发展。

E |          19日，周祖翼在荔城区西天尾镇渭阳社区卫生所与社区群众交流。    木兰溪南岸的城厢区华亭镇后塘村，满山遍野的龙眼树郁郁葱葱果实累累。周祖翼走进龙眼种植基地、非遗技艺展馆和桂圆产业研究中心，询问龙眼种植历史、品种特点，了解“党组织+企业+合作社+农户”模式，打造农文旅特色品牌的情况。他希望村党支部学习运用好“千万工程”经验，以党建引领乡村振兴，发挥龙头企业、新农人等作用，推动特色农产品品种改良、精深加工，大力发展农业特色产业，带动村民共同增收致富。

F | 在荔城区西天尾镇渭阳社区，周祖翼一一察看了社区基层治理创新、便民措施落实、社区卫生服务和长者食堂运营等工作，周祖翼说，社区工作连着千家万户。希望广大社区工作者坚持党建引领，扎根基层、无私奉献，用好民生资金、办好惠民实事，当好党和人民的连心桥，努力建设群众满意的幸福家园。在西天尾镇政府，周祖翼了解基层治理协同中心创新机制，以及村“两委”换届情况，与市区镇村干部面对面交流。周祖翼希望大家牢固树立和践行正确政绩观，充分发挥基层党组织战斗堡垒作用和广大党员先锋模范作用，始终把群众利益放在首位，深入开展整治形式主义为基层减负，深化群众身边不正之风和腐败问题集中整治，扎实抓好村（社区）“两委”班子换届，以党的建设引领提升基层治理能力，不断增强群众获得感幸福感。         18日，周祖翼在涵江区普洛斯莆田物流园检查安全生产工作。    安全是发展的生命线。周祖翼来到普洛斯莆田物流园，实地检查货物堆放是否规范、消防设施是否管用、疏散通道是否畅通，观看消防控制室值班人员应急处置操作，现场指出企业生产存在的安全隐患，要求相关企业和部门立即整改、举一反三、警钟长鸣，加强应急培训演练，提高安全生产意识，强化隐患排查整治，切实将安全生产管理各项规定落实到位。

G | 在城厢区荔华大道消防救援站，周祖翼看望慰问正在值班备勤的消防救援指战员，察看消防救援攻坚设备使用演练，了解辖区火情警情和企业消防措施落实等情况。周祖翼感谢大家的辛勤付出，希望大家牢记习近平总书记授旗训词，根据经济社会发展新形势新情况，不断提升消防救援能力，守护人民生命和财产安全，做党和人民放心的消防卫士。周祖翼强调，要时刻绷紧安全生产这根弦，以案为鉴、汲取教训，深入开展安全生产隐患大排查大整治，压实属地、消防、行业主管部门和企业责任，抓实抓细各项安全生产措施落实，切实以高水平安全保障高质量发展。    世界灌溉工程遗产木兰陂，屹立木兰溪上900多年，至今仍发挥着引水、蓄水、灌溉、防洪、挡潮、水运等综合功能。周祖翼详细察看古陂维护情况，叮嘱当地要传承弘扬习近平总书记在福建工作期间关于木兰溪治理的重要理念和重大实践，加强对木兰陂的保护和活化利用，严格落实河湖长制，强化防洪防汛安全，让木兰溪水更清、岸更绿、景更美。    省领导吴偕林、王永礼参加调研。

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